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Important note about citing business resources

Important Note on Citing Business Resources:

Although the APA provides clear instructions on how to cite standard publication types, some business-specific resources include unique information that doesn't directly match APA instructions. Because of that, some of the examples and instructions on this page represent the UO Libraries' interpretation of APA rules.

For citing resources in standard article databases including: ABI/INFORM, Factiva, and Business Source Premier, please consult the Journal Articles or Magazine & News Articles APA guidelines.

10-K

From Database:

Tesla Inc. (2021). Form 10-K 2020. Retrieved from Mergent Online database.

From SEC Website:

Tesla Inc. (2021). Form 10-K 2020. Retrieved from SEC EDGAR website http://www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml

From Company Website:

Tesla Inc. (2021). Form 10-K 2020. Retrieved from https://ir.tesla.com/_flysystem/s3/sec/000156459021004599/tsla-10k_20201231-gen.pdf

Annual Report to Investors

From Company Website:

A.P. Moeller Maersk. (2021). Annual report 2020.  Retrieved from https://investor.maersk.com/static-files/97a03c29-46a2-4e84-9b7e-12d4ee451361

From Database:

A.P. Moeller Maersk. (2021). Annual report 2020. Retrieved from Mergent Online database.

Checkpoint (RIA)

RIA. (2020). 2301 Business Incentive Credits—General Business Credit (GBC)—Form 3800. Federal tax handbook. RIA Checkpoint. https://checkpoint.riag.com.

AICPA. (2020, March 1). Not-for-Profit Entities. AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide. RIA Checkpoint. https://checkpoint.riag.com.

EIU

Economist Intelligence Unit. (2019, July 23). China’s social credit system and its implications. https://gfs.eiu.com

First Research

Mergent. (2020, July 6). Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing. First Research. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https://mergent.firstresearch-learn.com

IBISWorld

Industry Report

Gambardella, A. (2020, May). IBISWorld Industry 52391 Venture Capital & Principal Trading in the US. Retrieved July 10, 2020 from https://www.ibisworld.com

Company Benchmarking Report

IBISWorld (n.d). US Company Benchmarking Report 429335 Sunrun Inc. Retrieved February 2, 2023 from https://www.ibisworld.com

Business Environment Profile

IBISWorld (April 2022). US Business Environment Profiles Report G122 Price of eggs. Retrieved February 2, 2023 from https://www.ibisworld.com

 

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) Data Archive

Instructions for citing data from this database are available from the publisher at https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/pages/datamanagement/citations.html

MarketResearch.com

Freedonia Focus Reports. (2018, April). Reactive Adhesives & Sealants: United States. MarketResearch.com. https://www.marketresearch.com

Mergent Intellect

Mergent. (n.d.). UPS Supply Chain Solutions, Inc. - Family Tree. Mergent Intellect. Retrieved October 25, 2019 from https://www.mergentintellect.com

Mergent Online

Citing part of a company profile

Mergent. (2019). Apple Inc. company financials: income statement [Data set]. Mergent Online. Retrieved August 1, 2020 from https://www.mergentonline.com

Citing an industry report
Mergent. (2020, May). Media: North America [Industry report]. Retrieved August 1, 2020 from https://www.mergentonline.com

Mintel

Cullen, R. (2020, July). Pet Supplies. Mintel. Retrieved from https://www.mintel.com

Morningstar Investment Research Center

Morningstar. (n.d.). Google: Key ratios. Morningstar Investment Research. Retrieved from https://www.morningstar.com

Morningstar. (2019, February 28) Fidelity Blue Chip Growth: Rating and risk.  Morningstar Investment Research. Retrieved from https://www.morningstar.com

MRI Simmons Insights

MRI-Simmons. (2019). National Consumer Study 12 month [CONCISELY DESCRIBE VARIABLE ONE AND VARIABLE TWO]. https://mrisimmons.com

OECD iLibrary

OECD provides citation information for all formats in iLibrary. Look for a link on the right that says: "Cite this publication"; "Cite this dataset; "Cite this graph"; "Cite this table", etc.

Passport

Citing statistics

Euromonitor. (2019). [Market share, beer, per capita at legal purchasing age, all countries] [Data set]. Passport. https://www.euromonitor.com/

Citing a report

Euromonitor. (2020, March 18). Retailing in Egypt [Industry report]. Passport. https://www.euromonitor.com/

PitchBook

For dated items:

Pitchbook (2020, February 17) Samsonite Investors Profile. PitchBook. Retrieved from https://www.pitchbook.com

For undated or dynamically-updated items:

PitchBook. (n.d.). Uber Company Profile. PitchBook. Retrieved January 11, 2019 from https://www.pitchbook.com

Sport Fitness Industry Association (SFIA)

Sport Fitness Industry Association. (2020, February). Sport & Fitness Industry Association Sports, Fitness, And Leisure Activities Topline Participation Report. SFIA. https://www.sfia.org

Sport Market Analytics

Tables/Data Examples:

National Sporting Goods Association. (n.d.). Participation (ages 7+) ranking: Females (no. of part. in thous.) [Data]. SMA Sport Market Analytics. Retrieved January 29, 2020, from https://www.sportsmarketanalytics.com

SBRnet. (n.d.). Sports fan market/market size, by sport: Number of fans. [Data]. SMA Sport Market Analytics. Retrieved March 13, 2020, from www.sportsmarketanalytics.com

SRDS Media Solutions

SRDS. (n.d.). State Analysis -  Virginia & Washington. SRDS Circulation 2016. SRDS. Retrieved May 10, 2019, from https://next.srds.com

SRDS. (n.d.). The Boston Globe [Publication profile]. Newspaper Advertising Source. SRDS. Retrieved November 30, 2019, from https://next.srds.com

Claritas, Inc. (2010). Boston, MA/Manchester, NH [DMA profile]. Radio Advertising Source. SRDS. Retrieved December 14, 2019, from https://next.srds.com

Statista

Statista includes citations for all its content. Look for the double quotation mark ( " ) icon to find the citation generator.

location of Statista citation tool denoted by double quotation mark

U.S. Census Data

[Identify what data set your numbers are coming from (it could be in the title of the table) as well as the geography(s) covered.]

Citing a profile:

Census Bureau. (n.d.). Eugene city, Oregon [Data set]. Data.census.gov. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?q=Eugene%20city,%20Oregon&g=1600000US4123850

Citing the American Community Survey

Census Bureau. (2018). Earnings in the past 12 months (in 2018 inflation-adjusted dollars): Eugene city, Oregon [Data set]. American Community Survey, 5-year estimates. Data.census.gov. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US41039&hidePreview

Citing the Economic Census

Census Bureau. (2017). All Sectors: Summary Statistics for the U.S., States, and Selected Geographies: 2017: Alaska, NAICS 211: Oil and gas extraction [Data set]. Economic Census. Data.census.gov.  https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=economic%20census%202017

Citing the Business Patterns dataset

Census Bureau. (2017). All Sectors: County Business Patterns by Legal Form of Organization and Employment Size Class for U.S., States, and Selected Geographies: 2017: Alaska [Data set]. Data.census.gov. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=county%20business%20patterns

WARC (World Advertising Research Council

Article:

Brownsell, A., Petio, C. (2022, May). Big Tech's share of global ad spend reaches 6%. Retrieved from WARC database.

Report:

WARC. (2022, May). What's working in direct to consumer 2022. Retrieved from WARC database.

Wharton Research Data Services (WRDS)

Compustat Industrial [Annual Data]. (YEARS). Available: Standard & Poor's/Compustat [access date]. Retrieved from https://wrds-www.wharton.upenn.edu/

CRSP Stocks. (YEARS). Available: Center for Research in Security Prices. Graduate School of Business. University of Chicago [access date]. Retrieved from https://wrds-www.wharton.upenn.edu/